Which drugs are CNS stimulants?

OVERVIEW. Central nervous system stimulants used for attention deficit disorder, narcolepsy or excessive sleepiness include the amphetamines, methylphenidate, atomoxetine, modafinil, armodafinil, pitolisant and solriamfetol.

How do stimulants affect the CNS?

A type of drug that increases the levels of certain chemicals in the brain and increases alertness, attention, energy, and physical activity. Central nervous system stimulants also raise blood pressure and increase heart rate and breathing rate.

Which of the following drugs is a powerful CNS stimulant?

Amphetamine. Amphetamine is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the phenethylamine class that is approved for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.

What is the major adverse effect of CNS stimulants?

CNS stimulants also raise blood pressure and increase heart rate and breathing rate.

What are CNS medications?

Central Nervous System (CNS) depressants are medicines that include sedatives, tranquilizers, and hypnotics. These drugs can slow brain activity, making them useful for treating anxiety, panic, acute stress reactions, and sleep disorders.

Is coffee a CNS stimulant?

Caffeine is the most widely consumed central-nervous-system stimulant. Three main mechanisms of action of caffeine on the central nervous system have been described. Mobilization of intracellular calcium and inhibition of specific phosphodiesterases only occur at high non-physiological concentrations of caffeine.

What is a drug that slows the central nervous system?

What are examples of CNS depressants?

Examples of CNS depressants are benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and certain sleep medicines. CNS depressants are sometimes called sedatives or tranquilizers.

Which of the following is a CNS depressant?

What is a CNS drug?

What are the five side effects of stimulants?

Stimulants include caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines and cocaine. Large doses can cause over-stimulation, resulting in anxiety, panic, seizures, headaches, stomach cramps, aggression and paranoia. Long-term use of strong stimulants can have adverse effects.

What are CNS effects?

CNS symptoms include: Impaired concentration, confusion and abnormal thinking. Mood swings including anxiety, agitation, depression, paranoia (feeling very anxious or nervous) and euphoria (feeling very happy). Sleep disturbance including insomnia, drowsiness, vivid dreaming and nightmares.

What are the long term side effects of phenylephrine?

1 Blurred vision 2 chest pain or discomfort 3 difficult or labored breathing 4 dizziness 5 fainting 6 fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat 7 headache 8 nausea or vomiting 9 nervousness 10 pain in the shoulders, arms, jaw, or neck 11 pounding in the ears 12 sweating 13 tightness in the chest 14 unusual tiredness

Is it possible to increase blood pressure with phenylephrine?

Although phenylephrine might be expected to produce an increased blood pressure, reports of such an effect are very rare, certainly with oral formulations. A report from Spain appears to be the first to describe hypertension in a child attributable to phenylephrine [85A].

What is the function of phenylephrine in the body?

Phenylephrine is a pure α-adrenergic agonist. As such, its major function is to cause peripheral vasoconstriction. It has no β-adrenergic or inotropic effect and therefore does not increase contractility. It may be temporarily used to improve afterload, systemic blood pressure, and, therefore, critical organ blood flow.

What is the cross reactivity of phenylephrine and methamphetamine?

Immunoassay cross-reactivity of phenylephrine and methamphetamine Phenylephrine, an α(1) -adrenergic agonist, and methamphetamine, a prescription drug and substance of abuse, have similar chemical structures and thus have the potential to cross-react in qualitative screening tools such as a urine drug screening (UDS) performed by immunoassay.