What does troponin T do?
Troponin T binds to tropomyosin and helps position it on actin, and together with the rest of the troponin complex, modulates contraction of striated muscle.
What is alternative gene splicing?
Alternative splicing is the process of selecting different combinations of splice sites within a messenger RNA precursor (pre-mRNA) to produce variably spliced mRNAs. These multiple mRNAs can encode proteins that vary in their sequence and activity, and yet arise from a single gene.
Can alternative mRNA Splicing make a new protein?
Exon definition: Fas receptor Multiple isoforms of the Fas receptor protein are produced by alternative splicing. Two normally occurring isoforms in humans are produced by an exon-skipping mechanism. If exon 6 is skipped, the resulting mRNA encodes a soluble Fas protein that does not promote apoptosis.
How is alternative splicing detected?
Quantification of alternative splicing to detect the abundance of differentially spliced isoforms of a gene in total RNA can be accomplished via RT-PCR using both quantitative real-time and semi-quantitative PCR methods.
What is a bad troponin level?
Having a result between 0.04 and 0.39 ng/ml often indicates a problem with the heart. However, a very small number of healthy people have higher than average levels of troponin. So, if the result is in this range, a doctor may check for other symptoms and order further tests before making a diagnosis.
What is troponin T normal range?
The normal range (value) for high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T test (hs-cTnT) is 14 ng/l. This cutoff for the “normal” level of troponin T was determined by looking at several studies of patients who were “apparently healthy” (no heart complaints) and had this level of troponin T in the bloodstream as a baseline.
What are examples of gene splicing?
Table 1
| Disease | Gene | Type of splicing mutation |
|---|---|---|
| Ehlers-Danlos syndrome | COL5A1 | Acceptor splice site mutation |
| Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) | DMD | Donor splice site mutation |
| X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda | TRAPPC2 | |
| Type V |
What is an example of alternative splicing?
Alternative splicing is a powerful means of controlling gene expression and increasing protein diversity. The best example is the Drosophila Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam) gene, which can generate 38,016 isoforms by the alternative splicing of 95 variable exons.
What factors are responsible for activating alternative splicing?
Alternative splicing outcomes (that is, the relative abundance of the different alternatively-spliced isoforms) are influenced by several factors: i) splice site strength, ii) cis-regulatory sequences in pre-mRNAs that favor or impair exon recognition, and iii) expression levels of trans-acting factors (RNA-binding …
What causes alternative splicing?
The mechanism of alternative splicing These cis-acting regulatory elements alter splicing by binding different trans-acting protein factors, such as SR (Serine-Arginine rich) proteins that function as splicing facilitators, and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) that suppress splicing.
Does alternative splicing occur in prokaryotes?
Another major difference in splicing between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that splicing in prokaryotes does not involve a spliceosome. The frequency of RNA splicing depends on the complexity of gene structures of genomes in particular species. Therefore, most genes in humans undergo splicing, to generate mature mRNA.
What does a troponin level of 12 mean?
Cardiac troponin levels are normally so low they cannot be detected with most blood tests. Having normal troponin levels 12 hours after chest pain has started means a heart attack is unlikely.