How do you deal with non-equivalence at word level?
Strategies used for dealing with non-equivalence at word level are:- translation by more general word (superordinate); translating by more neutral/less expressive word; translating by cultural substitution; translating using a loan word or loan word plus explanation; translating by paraphrase using a related word; …
What is equivalence at word level?
Equivalence at word level- the meaning of single words and expressions;2. Equivalence above word level- explores combinations of words and phrases (stretches of language);3. Grammatical equivalence- deals with grammatical categories;4. Textual equivalence- discusses the text level (word order, cohesion, etc.);5.
What should a translator do when dealing with non-equivalence?
Below is the number of strategies dealing with non-equivalence at word level which is found in the comic entitled Lucky Luke: Ghost Hunt, There are some strategies suggested by Mona Baker, Translation by more general word level, Translation by more neutral/ less expressive word, Translation using a loan word or loan …
What is non-equivalence?
noun. the relationship of being unequal or incomparable. logic. the relation between two statements only one of which can be true in any circumstances. a function of two statements that takes the value true only when one but not both of its arguments is true.
What are the common problems of non equivalence at word level?
More specifically the problems include cultural specific context, source text not lexicalized in target text, semantically complex source text, source text and target text making different distinction in meaning, differences in expressive meaning, differences in form, and loan words in source text.
What is paraphrasing in translation?
A paraphrase is a restatement of the meaning of a text or passage using other words. The term itself is derived via Latin paraphrasis from Greek, meaning “additional manner of expression”. Finding alternative ways to translate a phrase can be a very useful tool for a translator. …
What is Baker’s definition of equivalence?
According to Baker, 1992, equivalence is any meaning from the source language which expresses the same meaning in the target language, while a shift in Catford’s term or transposition (Vinay and Darbelnet) is a translation procedure involving a change in the grammar from source language to target one.
What is equivalence in translation studies?
Dynamic equivalence is defined as a translation principle according to which a translator seeks to translate the meaning of the original in such a way that the TL wording will trigger the same impact on the TC audience as the original wording did upon the ST audience.
What are the common problems of non-equivalence?
The following are some common types of non-equivalence at word level, with examples from various languages:
- (a) Culture-specific concepts.
- (b) The source-language concept is not lexicalized in the target language.
- (c) The source-language word is semantically complex.
What are the possible causes of non-equivalence in translation?
According to Baker (1992: 21-25), there are some common problems which are the factors of non equivalent meaning at word level in translation: culture-specific concepts; the source-language concept is not lexicalized in the target language; the source-language word is semantically complex; the source and target …
What are the problems of equivalence in translation?
The problem with equivalence is this. We know that equivalence is the real thing in translation, that there is no translation if there is no equivalence between the original text and the translated text. And we know of course that equivalence exists, that is not the real problem. The real problem is to explain how.
Does translation count as paraphrasing?
You may wonder why your translation is considered a paraphrase rather than a direct quotation. In fact, in undertaking the translation yourself you have literally put the author’s words into your own words, which is the definition of a paraphrase.
What are the problems of non equivalence in the translation?
Problems of Non Equivalence in the Translation The local dialects and the uses of Arabic widely used in the novel are the main challenge due to non equivalence at word level in the translation of the text into English, that is to say that the TT has no direct equivalent for a word which occurs in ST.
What does non-equivalence at word level mean?
1. Non-equivalence at word level What means non-equivalence at word level? It means that the target language has no direct equivalent for a word which occurs in the source text. There are some common types of non-equivalence at word level as follows: a)Culture specific concepts There are situations when in the source language a word may express
Why does the TT have no equivalent in English?
The local dialects and the uses of Arabic widely used in the novel are the main challenge due to non equivalence at word level in the translation of the text into English, that is to say that the TT has no direct equivalent for a word which occurs in ST.
Are there any problems with the word equivalent?
COMPOSERS: THANH+ CUCCONTENT: PROBLEMS OF EQUIVALENTDATE OF PRESENTATION: April 29TH 2012 2.