What are myeloid dendritic cells?

Myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) comprise a heterogeneous population of professional antigen-presenting cells, which are responsible for capture, processing, and presentation of antigens on their surface to T cells. mDCs serve as a bridge linking adaptive and innate immune responses.

What lineage do dendritic cells come from?

Dendritic cells are derived from hematopoietic bone marrow progenitor cells. These progenitor cells initially transform into immature dendritic cells. These cells are characterized by high endocytic activity and low T-cell activation potential.

How are dendritic cells identified?

Overview of Dendritic Cells in the Immune System Physiology. Human DC are identified by their high expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules (MHC-II) and of CD11c, both of which are found on other cells, like lymphocytes, monocytes and macrophages (5–12).

Do dendritic cells have CD14?

In humans both monocytes and mDCs express CD11c, but DCs lack CD14 or CD16 and may be split into CD1c+ and CD141+ fractions.

Where are myeloid dendritic cells found?

The two corresponding functional states, which may not require the existence of two formal lineages, are that myeloid dendritic cells capture antigens in the periphery and then migrate to the lymphoid organs to initiate immunity, whereas lymphoid dendritic cells are found in the thymic medulla and lymph node T cell …

What is the main function of a dendritic cell?

Dendritic cells (DCs) represent a heterogeneous family of immune cells that link innate and adaptive immunity. The main function of these innate cells is to capture, process, and present antigens to adaptive immune cells and mediate their polarization into effector cells (1).

What triggers dendritic cells?

Dendritic producing cytokines and other factors that promote B cell activation and differentiation. After an initial antibody response has occurred due to an invading body, dendritic cells found in the germinal centre of lymph nodes seem to contribute to B cell memory by forming numerous antibody-antigen complexes.

Where is dendritic cells found?

Dendritic cells are found in tissue that has contact with the outside environment such as the over the skin (present as Langerhans cells) and in the linings of the nose, lungs, stomach and intestines. Immature forms are also found in the blood.

What myeloid means?

Listen to pronunciation. (MY-eh-loyd) Having to do with or resembling the bone marrow. May also refer to certain types of hematopoietic (blood-forming) cells found in the bone marrow.

Where are myeloid dendritic cells found in the body?

Myeloid Dendritic Cells. Myeloid dendritic cells act as the sentinels of the immune system and are the key cells in activating naive T cells and initiating the adaptive immune response. Those myeloid dendritic cells of the skin and of the interstitial area of solid organs, such as heart and kidney, are highly effective in uptake

Are there any myeloid cells in the spleen?

Spleen is known to contain multiple dendritic and myeloid cell subsets, distinguishable on the basis of phenotype, function and anatomical location. As a result of recent intensive flow cytometric analyses, splenic dendritic cell (DC) subsets are now better characterized than other myeloid subsets.

Which is a better characterized subset of myeloid cells?

As a result of recent intensive flow cytometric analyses, splenic dendritic cell (DC) subsets are now better characterized than other myeloid subsets. In order to identify and fully characterize a novel splenic subset termed “L-DC” in relation to other myeloid cells, it was necessary to investigate myeloid subsets in more detail.

What are the phenotypes of L-DC cells?

In terms of cell surface phenotype, L-DC were initially characterized as a CD11b hi CD11c lo MHCII − Ly6C − Ly6G − subset in murine spleen. Their expression of CD43, lack of MHCII, and a low level of CD11c was shown to best differentiate L-DC by phenotype from conventional DC subsets.