What is the mechanism for translation?

Translation is a process by which the genetic code contained within a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. It occurs in the cytoplasm following transcription and, like transcription, has three stages: initiation, elongation and termination.

What are the 5 main steps of translation?

Translation (Protein Synthesis)

• Initiation. In this step the small subunit part of the ribosome attaches to the 5′ end of the mRNA strand.
• Elongation.
• Termination.

What are the three steps of translation?

Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.

What typically terminates the process of translation?

Translation ends in a process called termination. Termination happens when a stop codon in the mRNA (UAA, UAG, or UGA) enters the A site. Stop codons are recognized by proteins called release factors, which fit neatly into the P site (though they aren’t tRNAs).

What are the steps involved in translation?

The main steps in translation are :

• Activation of amino acids- Amino acid is activating by an enzyme called Amino Acyl tRNA Synthetase.
• Transfer of amino acids to tRNA.
• Initiation of the polypeptide chain synthesis – the smaller ribosomal unit attaches to mRNA to form mRNA smaller subunit complex.

What are the two main stages of the translation process?

An in-depth look how polypeptides (proteins) are made. Initiation, elongation, and termination.

Which is involved in the process of translation?

Translation initiation: structures, mechanisms and evolution Translation, the process of mRNA-encoded protein synthesis, requires a complex apparatus, composed of the ribosome, tRNAs and additional protein factors, including aminoacyl tRNA synthetases.

Is there any new information on translation initiation?

A great amount of new structural, biochemical and genetic information on translation initiation has been accumulated in recent years, which led to the realization that initiation also shows a great degree of conservation throughout evolution.

Is the translation lookaside buffer part of the MMU?

A Translation lookaside buffer (TLB) is a memory cache that is used to reduce the time taken to access a user memory location. It is a part of the chip’s memory-management unit (MMU). The TLB stores the recent translations of virtual memory to physical memory and can be called an address-translation cache.

Which is the replacement method for translation lookaside?

There are different replacement methods like least recently used (LRU), first in, first out (FIFO) etc.; see the address translation section in the cache article for more details about virtual addressing as it pertains to caches and TLBs. Flowchart shows the working of a translation lookaside buffer.