What are the virulence factors of polio?

One way the human immune system protects itself is by producing antibodies that engage the protein covering of the poliovirus, preventing the virus from interacting with another cell. There are three types of poliovirus: 1, 2, and 3. Type 1 is the most virulent and common.

What are the characteristics of poliovirus?

Poliovirus is a member of the Picornaviridae virus family characterized by small isometric particles, 30nm in diameter, containing a single molecule of single stranded RNA.

What is polio virus made of?

Poliovirus is a rather small and simple virus. It is composed of a shell, or capsid, made of protein, as shown. The poliovirus capsid is about 30 nanometers in diameter. Within the capsid is the information to make new virus particles – a single molecule of ribonucleic acid, or RNA.

What is the pathogenesis of poliovirus infection?

During intestinal replication, the virus invades local lymphoid tissue and may enter the bloodstream, and then infect cells of the central nervous system. Poliovirus-induced destruction of motor neurons of the anterior horn of the spinal cord and brain stem cells results in distinctive paralysis.

What is the mode of transmission of polio?

Poliovirus only infects people. It enters the body through the mouth and spreads through: Contact with the feces (poop) of an infected person. Droplets from a sneeze or cough of an infected person (less common).

What is the host of polio?

Poliovirus, a human enterovirus that belongs to the family Picornaviridae, is the causative agent of poliomyelitis. Humans are the only natural hosts of poliovirus. The virus, however, can be transferred to monkeys when it is directly inoculated into the central nervous system (CNS).

What is the virus of polio?

Polio, or poliomyelitis, is a disabling and life-threatening disease caused by the poliovirus. The virus spreads from person to person and can infect a person’s spinal cord, causing paralysis (can’t move parts of the body).

What are the different types of polio?

There are three wild types of poliovirus (WPV) – type 1, type 2, and type 3. People need to be protected against all three types of the virus in order to prevent polio disease and the polio vaccination is the best protection.

Can you get polio twice?

Does past infection with polio make a person immune? There are three types of polio virus. Lifelong immunity usually depends on which type of virus a person contracts. Second attacks are rare and result from infection with a polio virus of a different type than the first attack.

What are the differential diagnosis of polio?

Other entities misdiagnosed as poliomyelitis were: osteoarticular trauma, myopathies and dystrophies, viral myositis, acute cerebellitis, retroperitoneal tumors and upper motor neuron syndromes. Viral studies in stool specimens are essential for the diagnosis of poliomyelitis.